Best Little Blog

What a behavioral opt-in world looks like

Saul Hansell from The New York Times sat down with Representative Rick Boucher (D-VA) to discuss his priorities as the chairman of the house subcommittee on communications, technology, and the internet. When asked about privacy concerns with Google's behavioral ad targeting capabilities, Boucher stated, "That would clearly need an opt-in."

He isn't referring to deep-packet inspection; this is for common behavioral targeting that generally uses non personally identifiable information. As an industry we need to step up our education game to legislators. If you disagree or find yourself on the fence, allow me to present what the future of advertising (online and offline) might looking like should opt-in become the rule for behavioral targeting.

Online behavioral marketing disappears
Opt-in for behavioral advertising is not a viable model -- it's an issue of scale. The math behind, the market potential for, and the methods to create a reasonable opt-in scenario don't exist. I don't believe anyone has a firm grasp on how much of the market is behaviorally driven. There are a few studies that attempt to quantify the revenue driven by behavioral advertising, but no one knows how deep this form of marketing penetrates ad networks, publishers, and search. If you also factor in simple targeting features that rely on cookie data to increase campaign performance, I wouldn't be surprised if 20-30 percent of the $25 billion market would be eliminated off the top.

Prices drop
Behavioral targeting produces targeted ads, which perform better than non-targeted ads. With greater performance, comes greater value. Without targeting, advertisers will pay less money for less effective ads, and publishers can expect CPM erosion.

Punch the monkey!
As CPM drops on display inventory, the amount of untargeted ads we see will substantially increase. Dancing aliens and that damn monkey will reign supreme -- cheap, untargeted ads everywhere. 

Aggressive interruption advertising
The ecosystem will do what it can to increase ad performance. As innovation stalls, expect run-of-network ads to return, and to be even more aggressive than ever. Ads will have to be more interruptive, so screen flyovers, page takeovers, interstitials, and other "must view" ads will become the norm.

Publishers will seek new answers
Some will invest in ad sales teams to increase revenues, as network ad volume will continue to decrease. This will further fragment the ad buy for advertisers, now buying directly from a few publishers here and some networks there to get the reach they want. Some publishers will decide it's not worth the effort and discontinue producing original content.

Search monopoly increases
Search will be the only game in town that is targeted enough for all size advertisers, while display will work only for the few advertisers at the top. Advertisers interested in building awareness will buy ads on name brand sites, and CPM's will increase on those sites. Everyone in the middle to low end of the market that can't afford name-brand sites will turn to search, and prices will increase. You think Google is a monster now? Just wait.

Offline pressures
There's no other form of marketing (at least that I'm aware of) that's Opt-In only. Email marketing isn't. Information bought and sold by credit card companies that then send you an offer isn't. If they can regulate similar forms of marketing online, regulation may be coming to the offline market as well.

What does this mean for consumers?

• Ads will still appear; however now less relevant and more aggressive.
• Valuable services will disappear, and the quality of free-content will decrease.
• Paid content/services will increase.
• Dancing aliens will rejoice and monkeys will once again fear the floating bull's-eye.

Based on Boucher's statements about the need for opt-in permission, our industry has to change our perspective -- and fast. It's not about if there will be legislation. It's about what will the legislation be. Remember the telemarketing industry? It was given similar warnings, and it chose to fight legislation. Maybe if it would have worked with legislators, the result could have been different. I believe the same for us.

Is legislation is going to solve anything? I don't believe so. But I do believe it's coming, and now is the time for us to educate, educate, educate. Opt-in isn't the solution for behavioral marketing. Let's help decide what is.

Focus, Your Future Depends on It

There is a book I read a few years back titled "Focus -- The Future Of Your Company Depends On It." It's an oldie but a goodie. The author argues that the battle for consumers' attention is more intense than ever before. Companies that have cluttered messaging and overcomplicated positioning make it difficult for customers to know who they are and what they do. Creating and using simple, focused message sounds simple enough on paper, but is challenging to implement.

There are countless examples of companies that make their message and product offering so convoluted that it affects their success. You could argue focus (the lack of) is why Yahoo is in its current predicament. Yahoo was the leader in search. Google arrived and focused on search while Yahoo added more and more 'focuses' along the way. Google eventually passed Yahoo in size and never looked back. Focus is one of the most important business activities that most companies never practice. Here are some questions to ask yourself to make sure you are staying focused:

What is the primary benefit you provide your clients?
>>What is it that key value that you bring to the table, and how does that benefit your clients? Are there multiple? Insider tip: Your clients don't care about features - they want to know the benefits they'll receive. Are you selling drill bits or are you selling the hole?

If you could own a word, what would it be?
>>Google owns 'search', Volvo owns 'safety', Toyota owns 'quality'. These brands worked tirelessly for years to own them by reinforcing them in advertising and focusing on them when creating new products. What industry specific term can you own? Identify it, focus on it and communicate it.

Does your mission statement provide you daily guidance on what you shouldn't do?
>>Do you have a mission statement? If so, what is it? Most likely it was created years ago and reads something like: "We'll be the leading, quality, superior, blablablab." Your mission statement should provide daily guidance and help make critical decisions about what you SHOULDN'T do. If a product or focus doesn't reinforce your mission statement -- say no. When you say no to projects or products that don't fit your mission, you aren't giving up anything; you're actually showing who you are. Oftentimes a good way to define yourself is by defining who you are not.

Zappos recently started offering products beyond shoes. Could this be example of a company that is losing focus? I would argue not. Their vision/mission statement is "Provide legendary customer service". Given that, it really doesn't matter what they're selling. As long as they keep the culture and never lose sight of their core, it's not about the shoes. It never has been!

I leave you with a great scene from the movie City Slickers that pretty much sums it all up:

"Do you know what the secret to life is?" asks Jack Palance "No, what?" says Billy Crystal

"One thing, just one thing. You stick to that and everything else don't mean shit."

"That's great, but what's the one thing?"

"That's what you've got to figure out."

Five Reasons Advertisers Don't Pick The Right Retargeting Partner

To date, retargeting has typically been sold to advertisers as part of a package. Networks create an advertising menu for an advertiser that includes the main course -- category-based campaigns -- then throw in some RON filler and retargeting as a garnish.

Retargeting has reached a level of importance that it should be the main course in these menus. The catch is that advertisers have to give retargeting the attention it deserves, and it's important to pick the right retargeting provider to do so. How would an advertiser know which partner to choose? Here are five important things to look for:

1. Advanced Customization Capabilities: If you run a paid search program and you only bid on five broad keywords, would your campaign succeed? Not likely. For search to perform, it needs depth and a large keyword list. Retargeting functions similarly; you cannot simply display the same general ads to each visitor you retarget. You need to target consumers based on what they looked at on your site; be as relevant as possible! Basic, generic ads just don't cut it anymore.

2. Analytics: Reports that show how many consumers clicked your ads, and then how many of those clicks converted is very basic information that doesn't tell the whole retargeting story. Retargeting analytics should provide in-depth information -- like how many days it takes for a consumer to convert, how many ads a consumer needs to see before converting, what ad creative performs best, and how to determine the best frequency cap, to name a few. Advanced analytics are critical to get the most out of retargeting.

3. Dynamic Ad Capability: For retargeting to perform optimally, a large volume of display ads is necessary. The provider should help by generating ads dynamically and having those ads include specific products and/or categories that the consumer browsed while on your site. Without dynamic ad generation, you have two choices. You can spend countless hours creating the volume of ads necessary, or you choose not to take full advantage of retargeting.

4. Scale: In terms of reach, a network that states it reaches 135 million people doesn't answer the important question "How many of my lost prospects can you retarget?" A large network can reach a decent amount (a good guess for a decent size network is about 10%) of your lost prospects. In order to increase reach you might run retargeting on multiple networks simultaneously. Sounds like a solution, however it's difficult to manage. Just compiling the reporting from each network is a pain, not to mention the implementation and optimization issues. Most importantly is the waste that occurs by not handling each lost prospect uniquely. A retargeting provider should have a solution that allows you the greatest reach possible, with no additional stress.

5. Strategic Planning: Retargeting campaigns are very different than the efforts that drive new prospects to your site. As such, it's crucial to have a strategic plan that fits with your other marketing initiatives. Your partner should take your entire online marketing plan into account to optimize your campaign. Are they running A/B tests to optimize your campaign? Are they giving creative suggestions to increase conversions? Retargeting is a crucial part of a Web site's success, but it must work with your overall strategy.

Retargeting's performance makes it a must-have for online advertisers; the key is finding the right partner. The best thing an advertiser can do is to ask the right questions and be selective of who work with. This will force retargeting providers to step their game up, and the results will follow!

Should Advertisers Play A Role In The Privacy Debate?

Now that behavioral targeting has become more pervasive (and more effective), it is being talked about not only by publishers and advertisers, but also by privacy advocates -- organizations like the NAI and IAB and, in Washington, the FTC.

At issue is if BT players are doing enough to disclosure to consumers how BT works and offering them the opportunity to opt out of being tracked by BT vendors and publishers. There has been much discussion about how to regulate behavioral marketers; but no solution that satisfies everyone.

The BT industry so far has contended that website privacy policies are sufficient disclosure since many of them contain links to opts out opportunities like the NAI site. Google and Bluekai have announced 'preference pages' or registries that allow Web users to say what type of BT they are interested in receiving. But, the other, more common option is to put that information in the Privacy Policy of the site. But the problem with that is that no matter where disclosures are placed on the service provider's site, most people won't ever see them. How will a customer visiting Retail SiteX know that Company Y is going to use their browsing behavior to later display relevant ads to them as they surf the Web on Network Z? The average customer won't. The only way a customer will know what forms of BT advertisers are using is if the advertisers themselves tell them.

I think that it's time for advertisers to step up in this privacy debate. Thus far the pressure for disclosure has been placed on networks, behavioral marketing providers and publishers. The key players in those industries have done a good job of becoming more transparent (though there is still work ahead of us), while advertisers haven't been asked to do anything. Advertisers are clearly benefiting from behavioral marketing, and its time they disclosed what type of behavioral marketing they participate in, and allow customers to opt-out. How they do this is open for discussion: Tag each ad with an opt-out of future ads from the same company? Put a notice on manufacturer's page with the headline "Did You Know We Are Tracking You?" that links to a kinder, gentler explanation?

How should an advertiser disclose that information?

We at FetchBack have asked advertisers we work with to include information in their privacy policy that says they utilize retargeting services, and provide a link to NAI to opt-out of FetchBack's retargeting network. We feel it's an important step for any organization involved in behavioral marketing to take; at least if the industry is serious about being more transparent and self-regulating.

Why customer retention trumps new business

This past October, I challenged marketers to measure and track their sites' return conversion rates in an article titled "The crucial metric you're not tracking." Now some marketers are asking, "I'm tracking them... but what does the data mean? How do I know if my efforts to increase them are making a difference?"

There are many things a company can do to increase its website's return conversion rate. At the heart of this effort is the need for a shift in both company and industry culture. I've been in the online marketplace since the early '90s (ancient times, really) and the standard, repeated mantra is "drive new traffic" -- shove customers through the front door, convert at the best possible rate, and then go get more new customers.

If you're in business to build a sustainable, prosperous entity, the key isn't a math game of converting run of network impressions into sales. You must create customers who are so loyal that they become your No. 1 source for attracting new clients. Don't think of customer service as a cost center; it's not only your most valuable source of long-term sustainable growth, but it will also have the largest impact in reducing your dependency on the Google machine.

Let's take a look at data and analytics from a client we've worked with to show how focusing on return conversions can affect your bottom line. This client chose to increase its return conversions primarily through online retargeting, but conversions can also be increased through loyalty programs, by implementing continuity programs, and, most importantly, through customer service. I've said before that customer service is not a cost center. It's where the most important connections with your customers are made. If you become a true partner to your customers, they are more likely to come back to your site and purchase again.

Through the following screenshots, I'm going to walk you through how to measure your return conversion rates, and what these measurements mean.

In Figure 1 below, you are looking at a screenshot from Google Analytics. It compares new prospect conversion rates over a two-month period; February and March (green line) compared to April and May (blue line). The average conversion rate for new prospects for both time periods hovers around 1 percent, with a slight improvement from 0.69 percent in February and March to 0.87 percent in April and May. [Note: In both Figure 1 and Figure 2 below, the blue line representing conversions in April and May falls to zero for two days during the campaign. This is due to the analytics pixel not recording conversions on those two days, and not a lack of conversions.]

 

Figure 2 compares the return conversion rate over the same two-month time periods as Figure 1. The average return conversion rate for February and March (green line) is 2.4 percent. Compare that to the 0.69 percent new-prospect conversion rate for the same time period, and that means that return prospects are converting three times as often as new prospects! The return conversion rate for April and May (blue line) jumps to 3.42 percent, just shy of four times the 0.87 percent rate for new prospects.

 

Return prospects are converting at almost quadruple the rate of new prospects. This company has the analytics to support the fact that return prospects have a high propensity to convert. The company can now focus more of its marketing attention toward its return prospects and will in turn increase overall site conversions.

Here is a recap of the results:

February and March:

• The average value of a new prospect conversion was $41.
• The average value of a return prospect conversion was $43 (5 percent higher compared to new prospects).
• The average conversion rate for return prospects was 2.4 percent.

Return prospects convert at almost 3.5 times the rate of new prospects, and their average order value was $2 higher!

April and May:

• The average value of a new prospect conversion was $43.
• The average value of a return prospect conversion was $53 (23 percent higher compared to new prospects).
• The average conversion rate for new prospects increased to 0.87 percent, from 0.69 percent the previous month.
• The average conversion rate for return prospects increased dramatically from 2.4 percent to 3.42 percent due to the retargeting campaigns this client was running.

The conversion value for a return conversion was 23 percent higher than a new prospect conversion.

Overall effect on return conversion rates

The advertiser spent less money driving new customers in April and May. Instead, it focused dollars on increasing return conversions, and sales increased by 11 percent.

Half of this company's web sales are attributed to return conversions, and that number continues to grow each month thanks to an advertising initiative that uses retargeting. Companies like this understand the importance of focusing on return prospects. Let me reiterate that this does not mean these marketers are abandoning efforts to drive new sales; rather, they have made it a secondary focus. I encourage you to keep using analytics to measure your return conversions, and keep pushing for efforts within your organization to increase them.

Finding value beyond the click

Ask any online marketer -- they've mostly likely had a conversation along these lines:

Marketer: "Our latest online campaign resulted in a high ROI, and revenue of $15,700."

Marketer's boss: "That's great! What was the click-through rate of the campaign?"

Marketer: "Well, it's below our average, but when you look at site visits and sales, this campaign was overall more successful than normal."

Marketer's boss: "We were running three offline campaigns and two other online campaigns at the same time. You are probably just seeing a lift due to those, since it had a low click-through rate, right? If people didn't click, they probably only came to our site due to the exposure the other campaigns created."

This conversation is incredibly frustrating for online marketers. You think you have a successful campaign, but your typical CTR metric doesn't support that assumption. This isn't to say that measuring clicks is never appropriate. Click tracking is still the easiest way to measure the success of paid search because the ad is what customers are looking for when they search, and clicking on it is the easiest way to get where they want to go online.

Display advertising is fundamentally different than paid search. It's interruptive by nature! Web customers happen upon your display ads while browsing the web. The hope is that they will stop what they are doing and click on your ads. That's the hope, but that isn't what occurs most of the time.

A recent study by comScore revealed that 85 percent of all display clicks are driven by only one-third of online users -- referred to as heavy clickers. This means that the majority of your audience is not going to click on your display ads. The majority of the prospects that want to visit your site after viewing one of your ads will generally choose to open a separate browser tab and navigate directly to your site, or use a search engine as a navigational tool to find you.

We're at a crossroads. Clicks are safe and measureable, so it makes sense to measure clicks. At the same time, less people are clicking on ads, so then it doesn't make sense to measure clicks. How do you measure campaign success when you can't track a click? This is a major issue that hits the entire industry.

Let me introduce you to the view-through conversion (VTC). A VTC takes place when an ad is viewed, and though the web user does not click on the ad, they come back to your site later and convert. VTCs are not a new metric, but they are gaining in importance as clicks decline. In fact, Google announced in August that it will begin measuring VTCs in coming months, as it is seeing clicks decline overall online, but Google understands that there is value without a click, and they want a piece of that pie. The challenge for marketers is proving that when a person sees and ad and doesn't click, that you should give the ad they viewed credit for the conversion.

I'll be the first to admit that no innovative, scalable solution to measuring VTCs has been proposed. You can work with vendors to measure VTCs, but that is a one-off solution for each of your vendors that will require a lot of work that some vendors may not be able to support.

Here is a list of what to do when dealing with VTCs:

Control groups
Identify or create a control group, and do not show them display ads as they surf the web. See if individuals who view your display ads convert at the same rate or higher than those who do not. If they consistently convert more often, it is safe to say that viewing ads, even without clicking on them, is increasing your conversion rates. If you measure the rate at which they are converting, then you can confidently say that VTCs increase your conversions by X percent.

Analytics are key
Vendors that tell you they will be charging you based on VTCs should offer detailed analytics to support their validity and importance. If you are working with a vendor who doesn't, I would challenge them to begin doing so. Providing the analytics to support the effectiveness of VTCs will not only help clients understand the importance of VTCs, but will also help others in the industry to measure and embrace them. All too often I hear conversations around VTCs that include statements like "I'll give you credit for 25 percent of VTCs because I'm not really sure if the VTC metric is accurate." It's dangerous to use assumptions when dealing with success metrics. Look for the truth (read: data and analytics) in understanding how a prospect responds when viewing the ad versus those who don't.

Focusing only on CTRs is outdated
If you find yourself measuring only CTRs, it's time to expand your horizons. If you are working with a vendor who only attributes success to clicks, it's time to challenge them to look deeper. If you want to grow in the industry and stay competitive, you have to learn how to measure, report and find value in beyond the click. The easiest way to increase your confidence is through data and analytics, and as online display advertising grows, service providers will have to create those solutions for marketers. Until then, the best thing you can do is to press the importance of gaining additional data that confirms or disproves the value of the media in respect to VTCs.

Watch for improvements in other campaigns
Most marketers realize that when you measure VTCs, it is hard to comfortably give credit to the viewed ad as what caused the conversion. If a customer views three ads, the most common thought would be to credit the last ad viewed as the one responsible for their conversion. That method of thinking is not always correct. Think of it like this: a customer visits your website after they read about your products. They leave without purchasing, but later use Google to navigate back to your site to purchase. Google shouldn't receive 100 percent credit for that conversion. The customer used Google as a navigation tool to find their way back to your site; yet these types of conversions happen every day and Google is given full credit for them. So what a marketer will see is an increase in conversions in their Google paid search campaign. You may also see more direct traffic coming to your website as customers will remember that they saw your ad, and navigate back directly to purchase. The last ad viewed by a customer deserves some weight but not full responsibility. Atlas has started to address this issue in its engagement mapping. I predict in the future, as VTCs become more common place, that measurement tools will become available for marketers to better measure where to give credit for conversions. In the meantime, pay attention to the overall conversion rate of your site, conversion rates on existing campaigns, and don't add too many new marketing variables into the mix at once so you can keep track of these increases.

The market is due for new solutions that help marketers track conversions by looking beyond the click. There's a lot of value in highly-targeted display ads that increase your conversion rates that can't be tracked via click. This is an exciting time where we have the analytics to help us make informed marketing decisions. Be innovative by using some of the ideas I've mentioned, but I also believe that marketers and service providers need to push traditional boundaries of how campaign success has been measured.

10 ways to turn angry customers into brand evangelists

I think we can all agree that customer service is important. The better your customer service, the more repeat customers you'll have -- and a repeat customer is one of, if not the most, important assets you can have. Repeat customers easily turn into brand evangelists, which refer new clients and vouch for you in a time when word of mouth and reviews are king.

Most companies lump customer service into operations or list it as its own entity. Customer service's impact is so critical to a company's success that it should be considered an extension of marketing and managed so that it represents the voice and brand of the company it represents. This isn't a new way of thinking, and most professionals know this. But why then is customer service still so difficult for companies to wrap their arms around?

I hate to jump on the "during these hard economic times" bandwagon, but during these hard economic times, there is a lot of pressure to spend time and energy on activities that will produce immediate results. Is it this pressure that causes companies to push customer service to the back burner? We've all felt the frustration of dealing with horrible customer service. Our expectations now are so low that even getting a live person to answer a question without spending an hour of our day is, well... good?

The following recommendations are simple, but can make a difference to improve your customer service. Sadly, most of these came to mind based on real world experiences, but on a more positive note, they are all easily remedied.

1. Make it easy for someone to contact you
You may not be in business to create life-long customers. If that's the case, then I assume you're in business to burn and churn customers. You probably don't care a lick about stats on how your company creates repeat business, and you really only focus on paid search conversion rates. If that doesn't apply to you, then you are in business to keep and retain customers... so make sure you put your phone number, email, chat information, or other contact information in a place where it's easy to find. If you think you're being sly by burying it on your site to keep your customer service costs down, you're not. The only thing you're doing is frustrating visitors who either have a question or find your lack of contact information as a sign that you will be difficult to work with.

2. Bring customer service in-house
As long as you consider customer service a "cost center," you're thinking is ass backwards. Customer service is part of marketing! You have to have proper control over the messages that are being put out into the market, as well as how your company solves problems. Your image is more than your website, more than your logo, and more than your product. The single biggest thing people will remember from an experience is how they were treated. Can you imagine what it would be like to talk to an airline representative who really cared when your flight is canceled and you're stranded? How many times have you been on the phone with a customer service representative and thought, "I am going to hang up on this representative and call back. Maybe I'll get someone who can actually help."  Bringing customer service in-house enables you to have greater control over messaging, as well as have your customer service department more infused into the culture of the company.

3. Hidden recurring fees are not a clever way to make additional revenue
There is no faster way to lose customers than to mess with their money. Jason Baer of Convince and Convert tells a story of signing up for a "free" vase program from an online florist only to discover that he had opted into a reoccurring fee from a third party for the service. Technically it was free from the florist, but technicalities mean nothing when you have an upset customer on your hands. This is shortsighted thinking that has a company focused on driving immediate conversions and not keeping a customer for the long-term. Keep all charges up front and make it very clear what your customers are signing up for. Rule of thumb: If part of your promotional planning includes how to deal with the complaints you'll receive, it's probably time to reassess the program and make some adjustments.

4 Don't treat customers like hot potatoes
Don't you love it when you call a customer service line and each representative you speak with asks for your account number? By the time you get transferred for the fourth time, and person No. 4 nicely asks for your account number, you are about to hit the roof! Whoever answers the call should see it through until the issue is resolved. Stop sending your customers up the food chain so they can repeat their problem or question over and over again. If that is impossible, make sure that customers are warmly transferred so they don't have to repeat themselves. Consider implementing a bonus program for customer service employees in which they're paid for positive reviews and closing customer complaints successfully. That is an easy way to get your employees motivated to make sure they take good care of your customers, and in turn have happier customers -- a win-win.

5. Review your various messaging systems
This is something that I'm guilty of -- it's important to listen to your phone tree. It's one of those things that just gets lost as you're not using it every day -- but your potential clients and customers are. Make sure that your culture shows through messaging. Consider removing automated messages if you can and inserting a live human into the mix. It's a simple yet effective way to enhance the customer experience. Most customers are used to automated responses, and most are happy to get a live person who is willing to help.

6. Create relationships
Think about how great it would be to have a relationship with someone at your favorite airline. Someone you could call and chat with when problems arise with your flight schedule. One can dream, right? My wife has been using Borsheims (a Berkshire Hathaway company), out of Omaha, Neb., of all places, for more than 20 years and has been dealing with the same representative all 20 of those years. This representative not only knows my wife's taste and purchase history, but they also have a great relationship. That relationship is why my wife has only purchased jewelry from that representative for the last two decades (and most likely will for the rest of her life). Relationships ensure repeat business. Zappos is another great example of a company that fosters a relationship between the customer service reps and the clients. People don't establish relationships with a product or a price; they have relationships with people. Without that crucial relationship, your chance of increasing repeat business is tenuous at best.

7. Show who you are
Let customers know who you are as a company. This allows customers to get a sense for what your company is about. This is especially important for companies that don't have any brick-and-motor stores and are only found online. When you are only online, it's easy to blend into the hundreds of other sites out there. Connect with your customers by giving some insight into the inner workings of the company. Blogs are great for doing this. They can take time to set up and manage, but once you get a process down, you'll find it easier to maintain, and customers feel more connected when they can read about the goings-on of a company. Any way you can build a more personal connection with customers is a good use of time and resources.

8. Make your site easily shop-able
I can't tell you how many websites I come across that I can't navigate at all. A site that doesn't have a clear call to action or easy navigation through categories, product pages, and shopping carts is destined to fail. The online marketplace is highly competitive, and it's much easier for a person to go to another site than to try to figure out how to purchase from yours. Simple changes, like adding larger and more colorful buttons that direct users to add items to their cart or to check out, help make sites more efficient. Set up a simple test with help from some of your colleagues. Ask them to go to your site, find product X, and then check out. Ask them to report back to you any problems they had during the process, and then make changes as necessary. The smallest changes can increase your conversion rates and make the customer experience that much better. 

9. Respond to emails
How many times have you filled out web-based forms knowing that nobody will read it -- let alone respond to it? Jason Hesse of Abacus24-7 tells a story of sending an email to a customer service department for a shirt he bought online.The shirt did not come as described (see No. 10 below), so he read the T-shirt company's return policy and sent an email letting them know of the issue and asking for an exchange. In the end, it took three emails over the course of a week (with an escalating tone) from Jason to get a response. Of course the response was the canned "Thank you for contacting our customer service department. What seems to be your issue?" email. It didn't address any of the information Jason had included in any of his previous messages. That was more infuriating than getting no response at all.

Jason finally sent the shirt back and asked for a full refund, not an exchange. A little inconvenience is understandable, but if your customers take the time to contact you, it's probably a good idea to read what they have written to you and respond accordingly. You're going to absorb the return either way, so why not make it prompt and increase the chances you'll make it up on the next sale? Jason's site, Abacus24-7.com, promotes that they man their customer service phone lines 24 hours a day and respond to a customer within two hours of receiving an inquiry. Simple and straightforward: Respond and respond promptly!

10. Make sure your customers know what they are getting
Scenario: You are selling a hip, new T-shirt. Your biggest competitor is selling the same shirt, for the same price. Since most customers comparison shop, chances are they are aware you both carry the same shirt. Your website has a picture of the shirt, size options, and a "buy now" button at the bottom of the page. Imagine that your competitor's website has the same photo, same size options, but they also include a descriptive paragraph about the fabric the shirt is made of and a few testimonials from customers. A customer is more at ease with an online purchase if they have a good understanding of what they are purchasing. Take the time to get descriptive about your products so that there aren't any surprises when they get their order. The worst feeling for a customer is opening a box and realizing it wasn't at all what they thought they had purchased.

When evaluating your customer service, your prevailing thought should be, "How would I feel if I had this customer experience?" Don't be afraid to challenge processes that have been in place for years; what worked in the past won't necessarily work now. Fresh competition is popping up daily, and it is most likely willing to do whatever it takes to convert customers. Optimize customer service, keep more repeat customers, and you'll end up not only surviving these tough times, but thriving in them.

-Published on iMediaConnection.com 3/13/09 - http://www.imediaconnection.com/content/22295.asp

How Did This Ad Get Here? Responding To The FTC's Privacy Principles

From MediaPost

I can't say that I'm surprised by the current stance the Federal Trade Commission is taking by allowing the behavioral targeting industry to continue down a self-regulatory path (for the time being, at least).

Currently the government has a few other more pressing issues to deal with. Overall, I'm impressed how the industry has responded to date, but there is no room for complacency. The industry should be prepared for regulation unless we get our act together (anyone out there looking forward to a "do not behaviorally target" list?)

I'm speaking specifically to the companies that still withhold how they gather data and what they do with it. We are marketers in a time where consumers expect experiences customized for them, but don't assume that you have access to their information. Finding a balance between providing a more customized web experience with customers feeling comfortable with how that experience is created is key.

I suggest an advancement that we should make given the challenge that the FTC has posed. Transparency is imperative! We have to make it as easy as possible for consumers to identify when their information is being leveraged and most importantly how they can stop it.

One of the easiest and most visible moves we can make is to include identifiers in each behaviorally targeted ad. With a simple click, a consumer could be taken to a landing page and learn who delivered the ad, learn why they were shown the ad (answers can vary between "you visited this Web site before" to "we thought you find this information interesting") and most importantly, opt-out if they don't want to take part in that form of advertising. (Side note, all behavioral targeters should have an opt-out mechanism easily available to consumers. If you don't, that should be a top priority for you!)

On this landing page, there should be language discussing the benefits of getting a targeted ad vs. the generic ads they would normally see -- which typically consist of a dancing alien or a "guess who this celebrity is!" advertisement. (It's usually Tom Hanks from high school -- though personally I prefer the version with Angelina Jolie, I'm just saying.) Be descriptive when explaining what you do and why you do it -- the point is to give consumers enough information to make an informed decision if they want to be behaviorally targeted or not.

In my experience, once you take away any questions people have about how and WHY they were targeted, they are more apt to accept it. We are not only marketers and service providers; we are also providing a service to consumers by giving them a more personalized experience online. If they don't want to take part in targeted advertising, they don't have to.

We have nothing to hide, so why haven't we been more transparent? The FTC is giving us time to get it right, and I suggest we do just that.

6 strategies for making your small budget seem huge

This article was first published on www.iMediaconnection.com on 11/03

You have a great product, a great website and a great staff. The only thing that isn't "great" is the size of your marketing budget. Roughly $27 billion dollars will be spent in online advertising in 2008, according to eMarketer. With so many marketers occupying the same space, how can a company stay competitive while staying within its budget?

Don't resort to taking up offers from the snake-oil salesmen such as bogus SEO optimization services or overpriced and over-glorified affiliate marketing programs. Instead, use proven ways to compete toe-to-toe in today's online market without breaking your budget.

We have all seen companies get caught up in the losing game of keyword bidding wars over terms that are way too general, or against competitors with deep pockets that are willing and able to spend on loss leaders. A strong presence in today's online market is critical -- but contrary to popular belief, size isn't everything. What does it take for a marketer to compete effectively when money is tight? Here is a list of six key strategies marketers can use to get ahead while staying within their advertising budgets.

1. The "they're huge!" effect
When you see commercials, billboards, print ads, online ads, etc. for the same company over and over again, you probably think, "They're huge!" Right? Customers' perception of your company has a lot to do with their decision to buy from you. The more you stay top-of-mind to a consumer, the more likely it is that they will purchase from you. So the trick is getting your message in front of your customers at a good rate without having to throw major bucks at a search engine, email marketing campaign, ad network or other advertising vehicle.

The common types of behavioral targeting are effective, but they don't necessarily give the returns that would justify the large ad spend to get the "they're huge" effect. It's costly to contextually or behaviorally target customers via display advertisements. These are great marketing vehicles to use when you have the budget, but when your advertising dollars are limited, these forms of behavioral targeting should be left for the big boys with the budgets that can support them.

Newer behavioral targeting methods, like retargeting, are cost effective and deliver incredible results. Retargeting is categorized as behavioral targeting because the customer's behavior -- visiting your website -- causes that person to be shown targeted displays ads during his or her everyday web surfing activities (visiting sites like Yahoo, Facebook, etc.). You aren't spending money to get placement in front of certain demographics; you are directly targeting customers who have visiting your website.

Here's an example: Jane visits a website that sells cosmetics. She leaves the site for whatever reason -- she wants to comparison shop, she is at work and her boss walks over to her desk, or maybe she gets interrupted by a phone call. When she gets back online, she goes to her Yahoo email account. When she logs in, she sees an ad for the cosmetic website she visited earlier. Later, she goes to CNN.com to read the news and, again, there is an ad for the cosmetics website. She sees ads for the cosmetic website as she visits her favorite celebrity blog website, and also as she goes to a local directory website when she's researching wine bars. Jane is not aware that she is the only person seeing these ads as she visits these web pages, but she is left with the impression that the cosmetic website must be huge since its display ads are everywhere online.

A few months back, one of the investors of FetchBack saw our ads everywhere online and made the comment, "How much are you spending on marketing?" We explained to him that we aren't spending much on advertising; the reason he saw our ads everywhere was due to retargeting, and apparently it had worked in created the "they're huge!" effect we were going for.

2. Focus where there is interest
Those who know me know that I strongly encourage marketers to focus primarily on their interested prospects and existing customers, and not to spend most of their time attracting new customers. Traditional advertising programs -- including paid search, affiliate programs and other traffic drivers -- get prospects to your site and are important; however, they are not the most important things for marketers to focus on. At times, they can even be cost prohibitive. Once you spend the money to get a customer to your website, the majority leave without purchasing. Rather than simply focusing on getting another new customer to come to your website, you should work to get the customers who have already visited your site to come back.

Once customers visit your site, they are put into one of two categories:

• Interested prospects: customers who visited your website and didn't purchase
• Existing customers: customers who visited your website and purchased

So why should you focus on these customers and not work primarily to get new leads in the door? The answer is simple: These customers are responsible for one of the most important metrics that most marketers don't pay attention to: your site's return conversion rate. Our data show that, on average, return conversion rates are four times higher than new customer conversion rates. For every new customer you convert, four customers who have either visited your website in the past or made a purchase from you are converting.

That is a huge number that you should work to increase. Don't simply think that customers will come back to your site again to purchase, regardless of what your competitor is doing. It is important for you to stay top of mind and find ways to entice customers to come back to your site and re-purchase again and again. Methods for doing this include email campaigns, retargeting, superior customer service, reward programs and sending discount coupons in the mail to say "thanks."

On your website, prominently display ways for consumers to opt-in to your email marketing program. They have shown an interest in your product by visiting your website, and they should also be interested in your special offers. You can also create a loyalty program and promote it on-site to encourage customers to visit your website again and purchase. Add your loyalty program information to your display advertisements and paid search text ads, and don't forget to give it exposure on your website. If you promote the value customers get from purchasing from you, more customers will come back and do so.

It's more expensive to get a new customer to your website than it is to convert an interested prospect or existing customer. Don't leave money on the table from your acquisition efforts by not continuing the conversation with them. This is not an easy task to take on, but once you start increasing your return conversion rate, you will see an overall lift in sales and will spend less money acquiring new customers.

3. Highlight your benefits
Highlighting the benefits you have over your competitor is an effective method of driving conversions and interest in your company. The best way to do this is to create content that compares the benefits of buying your product or service to that of your competitors. Tell the consumer why you are the best choice, and be as specific as you can, so that customers can be assured of your value. Examples of points that could be included in comparative content could be the fact that your laptop performs better than your competitor's, that your candle has a more pleasant aroma or that you have the best customer service in your industry.

Once you've developed such content, you need a strategy to get it in front of your customers. This strategy should include free press-release tools and microsites that customers can visit. Getting your content printed in a publication pertinent to what you are selling is also tremendously useful.

If you create a microsite, buy keywords that drive traffic directly to it. Those keywords might include searches around negative issues in the market where you shine above your competitors For example, your keywords could include "short battery life" if you are promoting a laptop with a long battery life. Your microsite can tell customers how your laptop is superior to your competitors' laptops.

Later in this article, I discuss do-it-yourself PR in detail; this is another important way to help customers understand why you are better than your competitors. Create case studies or write an article comparing your product to your competitors' offerings. Once the content is created, send it out to the editors of product review sites to see if they will publish it. Be your biggest fan, and use facts to show why you are better than your competitors. The point is to give your customers every reason to purchase from you by highlighting why you are superior. Use this method to push the real substance of what sets your company apart, in a positive way.

4. Use testimonials
Let your existing customers speak volumes for you by leveraging testimonials in your marketing efforts. The most important thing that most companies forget to do is to simply ask customers to provide testimonials. People love to talk about a product or service they enjoy, and on-site ratings are gaining in popularity.

Include testimonials on your website, incorporate them into your advertisements and add them to your email signatures at work so that everyone you interact with sees the good things people are saying about your company. Potential customers that see positive reviews about your product or service are much more likely to purchase, especially online. We are living in an era where customer reviews are prevalent and influential to customer purchase decisions. If your customers are not familiar with your company or brand, let your satisfied customers help you in the sales process by giving their thumbs-up for others to read.

5. Do-it-yourself PR
Guy Kawasaki posted an article on his blog written by Glenn Kelman of Redfin about why companies should move to a do-it-yourself PR strategy. In essence, the PR game is not what it was five years ago. Forget hiring an agency and spending the standard $5,000-$20,000 fee per month to have your account handed off to an associate who knows little more than you do about how to pitch ideas and stories. The most important part of a good PR pitch has always been the value in the idea that is being pitched.

In the past, PR reps would scroll through their Rolodexes, call press contacts and pitch them ideas for stories. The value in this was that information about companies and press contacts used to be much harder to come by. From the companies' perspective, the press contact was hidden, and the press contact had no idea who to contact at a company about new innovations. Now, mainly due to the internet, both companies and members of the press have the same ability to search each other out and discuss story ideas.

Take some time to think about how you can help those who are in a position to write about your company to do so. Kelman's article provides some excellent insights. It's not just about pitching story ideas; you can also create the content you would like to see distributed. Write an article and contact an editor of an online publication and pitch them on the idea of running the story. Who knows your company, your product and your service better than you?

Think about what you can offer to a reader that is informative, interesting and adds value. Creating this valuable content is going to get you noticed and get free publicity for your company. Who can argue with anything free nowadays? The more people hear about your company, the more apt they are to want to learn more about you, thus creating a huge opportunity to convert them.

6. Customer service is not a cost center
One of the most overlooked -- and yet most critical -- ways to improve sales is through a company's customer service. Your customer service team has incredible influence on your customers and whether or not they purchase. One bad experience can cause you to lose a customer for good. No amount of incentives or cool product offerings can correct that customer's perception of you if it's a bad one.

The marketplace is competitive, and there is more than one company out there that will happily scoop up your disappointed customer and make them feel valued. The more an organization looks at the entire experience of the customer as part of the goal to retain and acquire customers, the more likely customer service will be considered an investment. It's an investment that will drive down the total costs of acquiring a sale, as well as give you more exposure in the marketplace.

Ask yourself the following questions:

• How does your organization view customer service?
• What does customer service bring to the table to help increase sales?
• Do your customer service representatives up-sell customers with complementary products or enhancements?
• Do they get your customers' email addresses so you can market to them later?

There are countless ways to optimize your customer service. Take time to consider how customers are treated at every touch point and how you can improve those interactions. It takes time to examine this process, but companies like Zappos are finding continued success by focusing on customer service and retention.

Marketers are facing tough times, both online and offline. During such times, you have to be creative and innovative with your advertising efforts in order to differentiate yourself. It can be tough to compete against a company that has 100 times your marketing budget. Don't get discouraged; in some instances, you actually have the clear advantage. Most large companies couldn't care less about competing harder for a single customer. They often don't provide the same level of service or value that you can.

Once you have an interested customer, do everything possible to stay in front of that person and convert them. Once they convert, provide service that is second to none and remember to treat them with the value they deserve. It might be difficult in the beginning to gain the general awareness necessary to compete, but once you are dealing with interested prospects, you can not only compete, but you can dominate.

The crucial metric you're not tracking

Published: October 28, 2008

The crucial metric you're not tracking

By Chad Little

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It's one of the more important statistics in marketing, and it speaks volumes about your brand awareness and product offering. Yet most marketers don't even know what it is.

Ask an online marketer what their return conversion rate is. The common response is, "My what?"

So I'll ask: What is your return conversion rate? Forty percent? Ten percent?

This metric, when tracked and truly understood, has the potential to shift the culture of a company. It's a simple measurement that tells about your customer service and speaks volumes about brand awareness and product offering. It's one of the more important statistics in online marketing. Yet most marketers aren't aware of what it is.

A return conversion occurs when a prospect visits your site, leaves without converting and ultimately returns to the site to convert. Return conversions include new prospects who leave and return, as well as existing customers who return to purchase again. (For marketers who use Google Analytics, you can easily pull this data as "new vs. returning" under the visitors tab.)

Let's look at a hypothetical example: Jane visits your online pet supply store in September and purchases a new bed for Bruno, her chihuahua. In October she returns and buys Bruno his Halloween costume. This is a return conversion.

Bob also visits your site in September. As he browses your training products, his mutt Daisy (appropriately enough) eats through his computer's power cord. In October, with his computer fixed, Bob returns to your website and buys the lot of your pet training inventory. This is also a return conversion.

So why is your return conversion rate important and how can it shift a company's culture? Let's first examine how most companies function in today's market:

1.   Plug money into Google
2:   Convert 2.15 percent of the traffic referred from Google
3.   Rinse and repeat: Back to Google! Go get another new customer!

Most of the energy in online marketing today is spent driving new customers. Converting a customer on the first visit is the most expensive -- and rare -- event in ecommerce. If it wasn't, the average site conversion rate wouldn't hover around 2 percent, would it? The more likely scenario is that customers come to your site, look around, leave your site, check their email, comparison shop, update their fantasy sports teams, mull the purchase over a little more and then convert. It's with these customers that your greatest opportunity lies.

The discussion about return conversions goes beyond tactics, tools and data. At the heart is a fundamental shift in thinking; a shift that takes an organization from focusing on the "new" to focusing on existing customers and prospects. This isn't to say it's not important to have marketing programs that drive traffic. I agree it's necessary; however, I argue that the majority of the market is fixated on this "new, new, new" mentality -- we've lost sight of the impact return customers have.

Take a look at Zappos. (I know, everyone's writing about them, but their success is directly tied to this.) MarketingSherpa published a study on why Zappos is one of the biggest successes online. When the company started, it spent a massive amount on advertisements, including sports stadium signage! Today, it's hard to fathom seeing a Zappos ad while watching Monday Night Football, and in the end the blitz didn't create enough conversions or positive metrics to justify the campaign. Now what marketer hasn't spent big bucks on a campaign only to see no lift in sales or metrics? Obviously Zappos needed to make a change, and what the company did next went beyond simply revising its marketing strategy.

Zappos chose to make customer retention one of its most important initiatives. It became part of the culture! The retailer provided free overnight shipping, free return shipping, changed its inventory systems and locations -- all to ensure that once it acquired a new customer, it wouldn't lose that customer.

Every day, 75 percent of purchases on Zappos.com come from returning customers. That doesn't take into account first time conversions from customers who may have previously visited Zappos. If we had access to that information, I would say it's safe to assume the company's return conversion rate is more than 80 percent. Add that to new prospects who visit the website daily, and it makes perfect sense that Zappos grew sales by $798 million in seven years. It's food for thought, at a minimum.

So where do you start?

The most important thing you can do is start tracking your return conversions! You can't improve what you aren't tracking and before long, everyone will be talking about you, rather than Zappos.

Chad Little is CEO of Fetchback.